A05: Security Misconfiguration

Security misconfiguration occurs when a system or application is not configured securely. This can happen at any level of the application stack, from the network to the application itself.

Common Security Misconfigurations

• Default Credentials: Leaving default usernames and passwords unchanged.
• Verbose Error Messages: Displaying detailed error messages that can reveal information about the system to an attacker.
• Unnecessary Features Enabled: Leaving unnecessary features, services, and ports enabled.
• Insecure Cloud Storage: Misconfigured cloud storage buckets that are publicly accessible.
• Outdated Software: Running software with known vulnerabilities.

Mitigation Strategies

• Harden Systems: Follow industry best practices for hardening all systems in the application stack.
• Automate Configuration: Use automation tools to ensure that systems are configured consistently and securely. -- Disable Unnecessary Features: Disable any features, services, and ports that are not absolutely necessary.
• Regularly Scan for Misconfigurations: Use security scanners to regularly check for misconfigurations.

Security misconfiguration is a common and often overlooked vulnerability. By implementing a secure configuration process and regularly auditing your systems, you can significantly reduce the risk of this vulnerability.